The Relationship between Personal Identity Crisis and Psychological Stress among Saigon University Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59890/ijeps.v4i3.361Keywords:
Identity Crisis, Psychological Stress, Students, Saigon University, VietnamAbstract
The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between personal identity crisis and psychological stress among university students, thereby providing a practical basis for psychological support interventions within the university setting. This quantitative study was conducted on a sample of 352 Saigon University students selected through convenience non-probability sampling. Research data were collected using self-report questionnaires. The survey results indicated that the identity foreclosure status was predominant (accounting for over 50%) compared to other statuses in both the ideological identity and interpersonal identity domains. Conversely, the identity achievement status accounted for a negligible proportion (below 3% in both domains). This suggests that, in terms of both personal ideology and social relationships, students remain significantly influenced by family and peers without having a clearly defined orientation. The survey results also showed that the majority (55.7%) of students experienced psychological stress at various levels, with severe level accounting for 16.2% and extremely severe level accounting for 8.2%. A personal identity crisis had a positive impact on psychological stress among students. These findings suggest that universities need to attend to and implement effective psychological support measures to assist a segment of students in overcoming personal identity crises, thereby contributing to the management of psychological stress among students.
References
Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2), 176–181.
Alawneh, S. (2004) Psychological Human Development Childhood. Dar Al-Furqan, Amman. Open Access Library Journal, 2(5).
Alonso, J., Mortier, P., Auerbach, R. P., Bruffaerts, R., Vilagut, G., Cuijpers, P., ... & WHO WMH-ICS Collaborators. (2019). Severe role impairment associated with mental disorders: Results of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student project. Psychological Medicine, 49(5), 820-831. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22778
Auerbach, R. P., Alonso, J., Axinn, W. G., Cuijpers, P., Ebert, D. D., Green, J. G., ... & Bruffaerts, R. (2016). Mental disorders among college students in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Psychological Medicine, 46(14), 2955-2970. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291716001665
Beckert, T. E., Lee, C. P., Albiero, P., & Liu, X. (2025). Cultural patterns of psychosocial development in late adolescence: a latent profile approach across the United States, Italy, and Taiwan. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 30(1), 2543932.
Bennion, L. D., & Adams, G. R. (1986). Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status--Revised Version (EOM-EIS II) [Database record]. APA PsycTests. https://doi.org/10.1037/t07306-000
Berman, S. L., Weems, C. F., & Stickle, T. R. (2020). Existential anxiety and identity: A cross-cultural perspective. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 51(2), 112-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9032-y
Bình, H. T. (2024). Những yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc hình thành bản sắc nghề nghiệp của giáo viên tiếng Anh [Factors affecting the formation of professional identity among English teachers]. Journal of educational equipment: Education management, 1(312).
Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques 3rd ed. Open Library.
Cristóbal, E., Flavian, C., & Guinaliu, M. (2007). Perceived e-service quality (PeSQ): Measurement validation and effects on consumer satisfaction and website loyalty. Managing Service Quality, 17(3), 317–340.
Crocetti, E., Scrignaro, M., Sica, L. S., & Magrin, M. E. (2015). Identity formation in adolescence: The dynamic interplay between commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment. Journal of Adolescence, 35(2), 271-284. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12226
Cuijpers, P., Auerbach, R. P., Ebert, D. D., Bruffaerts, R., & Kessler, R. C. (2019). The WHO World Mental Health International College Student project: An introduction. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 28(2), e1762. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1762
Deasy, C., Coughlan, B., Pironom, J., Jourdan, D., & Mannix-McNamara, P. (2014). Psychological distress and coping amongst higher education students: A mixed-method enquiry. Studies in Higher Education, 39(9), 1573-1594. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115193
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. W. W. Norton & Company. https://books.google.com/
Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2009). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Cengage.
Ha, N. M. (2018). Đặc điểm bản sắc cá nhân ở thanh thiếu niên Việt Nam [Characteristics of personal identity in Vietnamese adolescents]. Tạp chí Tâm lý học, 23(4), 45-58. https://ussh.vnu.edu.vn/uploads/ussh/dao-tao/2021_01/tom-tat-la-nguyen-minh-ha.pdf?utm_source
Ha, N. M (2021). Trạng thái bản sắc ở thanh thiếu niên: Một nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên thanh thiếu niên Việt Nam [Identity Status in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study on Vietnamese Adolescents]. Journal of Psychology, 8(269),, 79–97.
Heshmati, H., & Rahiminejad, A. (2020). Research Paper: Investigation of Maladjustment Based on Identity Status: Foreclosure, Identity Diffusion, Moratorium, and Identity Achievement. Journal of Psychological Science, 18(84), 1435-1445. https://doi.org/10.32598/JRH.10.4.1419.1
Hung, N. Đ., Anh, T. Q., Oanh, N. T. P., Quyen, N. T., & Hoai, L. T. T. (2026). Thực trạng căng thẳng của sinh viên y khoa năm thứ ba Trường Đại học Y-Dược Thái Nguyên và một số yếu tố liên quan năm học 2024-2025 [Stress status and related factors among third-year medical students at Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, academic year 2024-2025]. Tạp chí Y học Cộng đồng, 67(2). https://doi.org/10.52163/yhc.v67i2.4379
Kroger, J., & Marcia, J. E. (2011). The identity statuses: Origins, meanings, and interpretations. In S. J. Schwartz, K. Luyckx, & V. L. Vignoles (Eds.), Handbook of identity theory and research (pp. 31-53). Springer.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company. https://books.google.com/
Lan, H. T. Q., Long, N. T., & Hanh, N. V. (2020). Validation of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21): Immediate psychological responses of students in the e-learning environment. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(5), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n5p125
Lee, S. (2024). Career choice and internal exploration: A cross-cultural study of identity foreclosure. Journal of Career Development, 51(2). https://kiss.kstudy.com/ExternalLink/Ar?key=4149750
Marcia, J. E. (1968). Development and validation of ego-identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(5), 551-558. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023281
Marcia, J. E. (1980). Identity in adolescence. In J. Adelson (Ed.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (pp. 159-187). John Wiley & Sons.
McBrayer, D. L., Schumann, J., & Bunch, J. (2012). Identity formation and crisis in emerging adulthood. Journal of Adult Development, 19(4), 201-212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-012-9150-3
Nguyen, T. T. T., Chau, L. T., Nguyen, T. D., Truong, T. N. T., Le, T. H., Pham, T. T., Ngo, P. M. Q., & Pham, H. N. (2023). Study on the situation of stress and psychological consultancy demands toward undergraduate students in Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Cantho Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy, 45, 128-134.
Nguyen, T. T. (2024). Predictors of stress in students at VNU University of Languages and International Studies. VNU Journal of Foreign Studies, 40(2), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.63023/2525-2445/jfs.ulis.5247
Ngoan, Đ. T., Son, P. T., Trang, T. T. N., Nguyet, N. T., Hieu, V. T., Vinh, P. T., Thai, T. H., An, H. B., Manh, T. P., & Ngoc, P. T. M. (2025). Thực trạng tâm lý của sinh viên năm thứ tư Trường Đại học Y Hà Nội năm học 2023 – 2024 [Psychological status of fourth-year students at Hanoi Medical University in the 2023-2024 academic year]. Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học, 187(2), 296-304.
Penner, F., Gambin, M., & Sharp, C. (2019). Childhood maltreatment and identity diffusion among inpatient adolescents: The role of reflective function. Journal of Adolescence, 76, 65-74.
Peterson, B. E., & Stewart, A. J. (1996). Antecedents and contexts of generativity motivation at midlife. Psychology and Aging, 11(1), 21-33. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.11.1.21
Pham, T. P. T., Nguyen, T. T. U., Trinh, Q. G., Nguyen, T. T. M., Loc, V. T., & Pham, T. T. (2024). Ảnh hưởng của đại dịch Covid-19 đến sức khỏe tâm thần của sinh viên Y Khoa Trường Đại học Y Dược Thái Nguyên [Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Medical Students at Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy]. Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Y Dược, 3(1), 103–113.
Putri, A. R., & Kusumaningrum, F. (2024). Attachment and Identity Foreclosure in The Latest Adolescent. Asian Journal of Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.18-7-2023.2343401
Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2009). Theories of Personality (9th ed.). Wadsworth Publishing.
Schwartz, S. J., et al. (2014). Identity in emerging adulthood: Reviewing the field and looking forward. In J. J. Arnett (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood. Oxford University Press.
Tuyen, N. T. B. (2022). Academic stress among Dong Nai University students [in Vietnamese]. HNUE Journal of Science, 67(1), 150 – 159. https://doi.org/10.18173/2354-1075.2022-0015
Thang, N. T. (2024). Các chỉ báo về stress của sinh viên Trường Đại học Ngoại ngữ, Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội [Stress indicators among students at the University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi]. Tạp chí Nghiên cứu nước ngoài, 40(2), 127-138. https://doi.org/10.63023/2525-2445/jfs.ulis.5247
Tizazu, A. M., Naidoo, A. V., & Berhanu, G. (2026). Parental control and identity foreclosure in collective cultures. Journal of Adolescent Research. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000047803
Tovarović, V. (2020). Relationships between stress response and Ego-identity in adolescents. University of Belgrade.
Verschueren, M., Rassart, J., Claes, L., Moons, P., & Luyckx, K. (2017). Identity Statuses throughout Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: A Large-Scale Study into Gender, Age, and Contextual Differences. Psychologica Belgica, 57(1), 32-42. https://doi.org/10.5334/pb.348
Wicks, S., Berger, I., & Camic, P. M. (2019). The impact of relationship dissolution on identity continuity and mental health. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.
Xu, Y. (2024). Identity status distribution among Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese university students. Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2024.2414043
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Linh Nguyen Dieu, Nhu Tran Lam Nguyen, Tuân Văn

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.





